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Onset of effects of testosterone treatment and time span until maximum effects are achieved

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  • Effects on sexual interest appear after 3 weeks plateauing at 6 weeks, with no further increments expected beyond. Changes in erections/ejaculations may require up to 6 months.
  • Effects on quality of life manifest within 3–4 weeks, but maximum benefits take longer.
  • Effects on depressive mood become detectable after 3–6 weeks with a maximum after 18–30 weeks.
  • Effects on erythropoiesis are evident at 3 months, peaking at 9–12 months.
  • Prostate-specific antigen and volume rise, marginally, plateauing at 12 months; further increase should be related to aging rather than therapy.
  • Effects on lipids appear after 4 weeks, maximal after 6–12 months.
  • Insulin sensitivity may improve within few days, but effects on glycemic control become evident only after 3–12 months.
  • Changes in fat mass, lean body mass, and muscle strength occur within 12–16 weeks, stabilize at 6–12 months, but can marginally continue over years.
  • Effects on inflammation occur within 3–12 weeks. Effects on bone are detectable already after 6 months while continuing at least for 3 years.
  • Farid Saad, Antonio Aversa, [...], and Louis Gooren