+ 2 GHK-cu the Miracle Peptide for Healing
Hello, IMO GHK-cu is a miracle peptide for healing almost anything... GHK is naturally occurring in your body right now but the amount declines as we age... GHK naturally binds with cu = copper when its time to heal something.
There are literally hundreds of 100% positive studies on this peptide... It does so much I can't list it all...
I believe this is the peptide we should be taking for healing
You will be busy for a long time reading about this peptide
Heals wounds
Nerves
Tendons
Skin
wrinkles
promotes glycosominoglycans which in turn lowers inflamation and heals joints
Hair growth = to minoxidil
Lowers risk for cancers---colon, breast...
Turns off bad genes and turns on healing genes
Looks like it will Reverse COPD when inhaled with an ultrasonic cool mist inhaler as it reverses the fibrogen in the lungs and turns off the bad genes and turn on the good genes.
Looks like it will do the same with Liver Cirrhosis and reverse the fibrosis
This is just some of the things it does...
Here are some links
Enjoy!
http://www.skinbiology.com/copperpeptideregeneration.html
http://www.medindia.net/news/potential-key-to-halt-progression-reverse-d...
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25302294
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1522753
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8227353
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17083573
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18378108
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17049946
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11121126
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7498545
http://skinbiology.com/copper-peptides-liver-regeneration.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14648529
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12447473
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20703511
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22666519
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18350235
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_peptide_GHK-Cu
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18644225
http://www.skinbiology.com/copperpeptideregeneration.html#liver
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3359723/
http://skinbiologyscience.hoop.la/topic/ghk-with-copd?reply=447581432619...
http://www.genomemedicine.com/content/4/8/67
http://www.skinbiology.com/copper-peptide-chelator-GHK-resets-emphysema-...
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4180391/
http://www.jci.org/articles/view/116842
http://skinbiology.com/copper-peptides-human-body-functions.html
http://skinbiologyscience.hoop.la/topic/ghk-with-copd?reply=449833773815...
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/225184808_The_Human_Tripeptide_G...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogAmT4tH6-g
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/51418185_The_human_tri-peptide_G...
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There are a couple suppliers here in USA... I haven't tried it yet... I'm wanting my cousin to try it as she has COPD and Cirrhosis of the liver from Hep C. I already have the ultrasonic inhaler to use for meds...
When will you be trying this rockin? Do you have a source for it, I'm in the uk but can only find sources in the USA.
Bluestaffy... I have yet to try this peptide even though I need it... would like to repair my knees as I've done too much construction thru the years and my knees are killing me... They use it for hair transplants too to ensure the transplanted hair grows...
MusicMan,,, you have to set a goal for what you want then find the peptides to get you were you want to go...
Hi mate I've been looking at taking this recently it looks awesome, my hair has been thinning over the years and I read on one forum that this guy said it's the best hairloss product he had tried. Have you tried it yet?
Good information provided, thank you. I would like to get into the peptides, just dont know where or which ones to start
Normally I would just post a link but I don't want to promote a website... so here is some info
Copper peptides are naturally occurring small protein fragments that have high affinity to copper ions. In human plasma, the level of GHK-Cu is about 200 µg/ml at age 20. By the age of 60, the level drops to 80 µg/ml. In humans, tripeptide GHK-Cu can promote activation of wound healing, attraction of immune cells, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, stimulation of collagenand glycosaminoglycan synthesis in skin fibroblasts and promotion of blood vessels growth. Recent studies revealed its ability to modulate expression of a large number of human genes, generally reversing gene expression to a healthier state. Synthetic GHK-Cu is used in cosmetics as a reparative and anti-aging ingredient.
Loren Pickart isolated the copper peptide GHK-Cu from human plasma albumin in 1973.Pickart noticed that liver tissue obtained from patients aged 60 to 80 years had an increased level of fibrinogen. However, when liver cells from old patients were incubated in the blood from the younger group, the older cells started functioning in nearly the same way as the younger liver tissue. It turned out that this effect was due to a small peptide factor that behaved similarly to the synthetic peptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHK). Pickart proposed that this activity in human plasma albumin was a tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine and that it might function by chelating metal ions.
In 1977, David Schlesinger of the Harvard University Chemistry Department confirmed that the growth modulating peptide isolated by Pickart was a glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine peptide.
Further research established that GHK peptide has a strong affinity for copper and exists in two forms – GHK and GHK-Cu. On the basis of the available data, it was proposed that GHK-Cu functions by modulating copper intake into cells.
In the late 1980s, copper peptide GHK-Cu started attracting attention as a promising wound healing agent. Pioneers in this field were J.P Borel and F. Maquart from Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (France). At optimal, picomolar to nanomolar concentrations, GHK-Cu stimulated the synthesis of collagen in skin fibroblasts, increased accumulation of total proteins, glycosaminoglycans (in a biphasic curve)and DNA in the dermal wounds in rats. They also found out that the GHK sequence is present in collagen and suggested that the GHK peptide is released after tissue injury.They proposed a class of emergency response molecules which are released from theextracellular matrix at the site of an injury. GHK-Cu also increased synthesis of decorin – a small proteoglycan involved in the regulation of collagen synthesis, wound healing regulation and anti-tumor defense.
The same group established that GHK-Cu stimulated both the synthesis of metalloproteinases, the enzymes which break down dermal proteins, and their inhibitors (anti-proteases). The fact that GHK-Cu not only stimulates the production of dermal components, but also regulates their breakdown suggests that it should be used with caution.
A series of animal experiments established pronounced wound healing activity of copper peptide GHK-Cu. In the dermal wounds of rabbits GHK-Cu facilitated wound healing, causing better wound contraction, faster development of granular tissue and improved angiogenesis. It also elevated the level of antioxidant enzymes.
GHK-Cu has been found to induce a systemic enhancement of healing in rats, mice, and pigs; that is, the GHK-Cu peptide injected in one area of the body (such as the thigh muscles) improved healing at distant body areas (such as the ears). These treatments strongly increased healing parameters such as collagen production, angiogenesis, and wound closure in both wound chambers and full thickness wounds.
Biotinylated GHK-Cu was incorporated into a collagen membrane, which was used as a wound dressing. This GHK-Cu enriched material stimulated wound contraction and cell proliferation, as well as increased expression of antioxidant enzymes. The same material was tested for wound healing in diabetic rats. GHK-Cu treatment resulted in faster wound contraction and epithelization, higher level of glutathione and ascorbic acid, increased synthesis of collagen, and activation of fibroblasts and mast cells. Ischemic open wounds in rats treated with GHK-copper healed faster and had decreased concentration of metalloproteinases 2 and 9 as well as of TNF-beta (a major inflammatory cytokine) compared with vehicle alone or with untreated wounds.
A 2% GHK gel showed promising results in treatment of 120 diabetic patients, increasing the percentage of ulcer closure from 60.8% to 98.5%, and decreasing the percentage of infection from 34% to 7%. The rate of healing was three times greater with GHK.However, a 0.4% GHK-Cu cream failed to reach therapeutic goal in treatment of venous ulcers.
GHK peptide has anti-inflammatory properties. Even though an exact mechanism remains unclear, in a recent study GHK and its copper complexes decreased TNF-alpha-dependent IL-6 secretion in normal human dermal fibroblasts. Because of the anti-inflammatory properties, copper-peptides could replace corticosteroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in treatment of inflammatory skin conditions. They also can reduce UV-induced erythema.
Radioactive anti-cancer treatment slows cell replication by breaking DNA strands. A recent study showed GHK-Cu's ability to restore function of irradiated fibroblasts to that of intact cells. The researchers used cultured human fibroblasts obtained from cervical skin that was either intact or exposed to radioactive treatment (5000 rad). At a very low (1 nanomolar) concentration, GHK-Cu stimulated irradiated fibroblasts growth and increased their production of growth factors bFGF and VGF to the point where it became even higher than that of both the irradiated and intact control cells.
In 2005, Ahmed et al. demonstrated that GHK promotes nerve regeneration. Axon regeneration was studied using collagen tubes with incorporated peptides. GHK increased migration of hematogenous cells into collagen tube, production of nerve growth factors, expression of integrins and the rate of regeneration of myelinated nerve fibers. In addition, GHK also increased axon count and proliferation of Schwann cells compared to the control.
In 2009, a group of researchers from the Seoul National University (Republic of Korea) demonstrated that the copper-peptide GHK-Cu stimulated proliferation of keratinocytesand increased expression of integrins and p63 protein in the epidermal stem cells. Since p63 is considered to be an important marker of stem cell and anti-senescenceprotein, the authors concluded that GHK-copper is able to recover epidermal stem cells and increase their ability to repair tissue. In 2012, the same group reported that similar activity was observed for copper-free GHK.
In 2010, Hong Y. et al. demonstrated that GHK-Cu is able to reverse the expression of certain genes involved in metastatic spreading of colon cancer. GHK-Cu was effective at a very low concentration - 1mkM.A 2012 paper reports that GHK, at a very low concentration, does not harm normal fibroblasts (a major repair cell) but did induce programmed cell death two cancer cell lines. Thus, GHK reversed this effect of the cancer cells on the genes.
Recent genomic research suggests that GHK directly modulates gene expression, which may explain the diversity of its biological actions. Iorio et al. used a repository of transcriptional responses to compounds, the Connectivity Map (cMap), and MANTRA software to explore networks of compounds producing similar transcriptional responses. GHK, as one of the compounds studied, increased mRNA production in 268 genes while suppressing 167.GHK was found to reverse the gene-expression signature of emphysematous destruction found in lung tissue obtained from smokers with COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). The gene expression signatureassociated with emphysema severity included 127 genes, involved in inflammation and repair. Using the Connectivity Map, researchers established that the peptide GHK downregulated genes involved in lung destruction and inflammation, while upregulating genes involved in tissue repair. Addition of 10 nanomolar GHK to lung fibroblasts from emphysema lungs restored their ability to remodel collagen and assemble it into properly organized fibrils.
Copper peptide GHK-Cu is widely used in anti-aging cosmetics (INCI name: Copper tripeptide-1). Several controlled facial studies confirmed anti-aging, firming and anti-wrinkle activity of copper peptide GHK-Cu.
Abdulghani et al. established that facial cream containing GHK-Cu increased collagen in photoaged skin of 20 female volunteers, performing better than vitamin C and retinoic acid.
Leyden et al. conducted a 12-week facial study of GHK-Cu containing face and eye cream, reporting significant improvement of skin laxity, clarity and appearance, reduced fine lines and the depths of wrinkles and increased skin density and thickness comparing to placebo. GHK-Cu eye cream performed better than vitamin K cream.
Finkley et al. conducted 12 week facial study on 67 women and reported that GHK-Cu cream applied twice daily improved aged skin appearance, increased thickness, reduced wrinkles and strongly stimulated dermal keratinocyte proliferation as determined by histological analysis of biopsies. The same study found copper peptide GHK-Cu to be non-toxic and non-irritating.
Copper peptide GHK-Cu and its analogues were found to stimulate hair growth. In some circumstances, the efficiency of synthetic analog of GHK-Cu was similar to that of 5%minoxidil. A commercial product GraftCyte was clinically proven to improve hair transplantation outcome.
Research of the copper binding properties of GHK and two synthetic peptides, in which histidine was replaced with a synthetic amino acid, established that the amino acidglycine plays major role in copper binding, while lysine can interact with copper only at alkaline pH. At physiological pH, lysine is able to interact with a cellular receptor. The ability of GHK to interact both with copper and with a cellular receptor allows it to transfer copper into and from cells. The small size of GHK permits speedy traveling in extracellular space and its easy access to cellular receptors.
The molecular structure of the GHK copper complex (GHK-Cu) has been extensively studied using X-ray crystallography, EPR spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy as well as other methods such as titration. In the GHK-Cu complex, the Cu (II) ion is coordinated by the nitrogen from the imidazole side chain of the histidine, another nitrogen from the alpha-amino group of glycine and the deprotonated amide nitrogen of the glycine–histidine peptide bond. Since such a structure couldn’t explain a high stability constant of the GHK-Cu complex (log 10 =16.44 vs. 8.68 of the GH copper complex, which is similar to the GHK-Cu structure), it was proposed that another amino group participates in the complex formation. According to the recent study by Hureau et al. the Cu(II) is also coordinated by the oxygen from the carboxyl group of the lysine from the neighboring complex. Another carboxyl group of lysine from a neighboring complex provides the apical oxygen, resulting in the square-planar pyramid configuration. Many researchers proposed that at the physiological pH, GHK-Cu complexes can form binary and ternary structures which may involve amino acid histidine and/or the copper binding region of the albumin molecule. Lau and Sarkar found also that GHK can easily obtain copper 2+ bound to other molecules such as the high affinity copper transport site on plasma albumin ((albumin binding constant log 10 =16.2 vs. GHK binding constant 16 log 10 =16.44). It has been established that copper (II) redox activity is silenced when copper ions are complexed with the GHK tripeptide, which allows the delivery of non-toxic copper into the cell.
Copper is a transition metal that is vital for all eukaryotic organisms from microbes to humans. A dozen enzymes (cuproenzymes) use changes in copper oxidation state to catalyze important biochemical reactions including cellular respiration (cytochrome c oxidase), antioxidant defense (ceruloplasmin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), detoxification (metallothioneins), blood clotting (blood clotting factors V and VIII), melanin production (tyrosinase) and the connective tissue formation (lysyl peroxidase). Copper is required for iron metabolism, oxygenation, neurotransmission, embryonic development and many other essential biological processes. Another function of copper is signaling – for example, stem cells require a certain level of copper in the media to start their differentiation into cells needed for repair. Thus, GHK-Cu’s ability to bind copper and to modulate its tissue level is a key factor determining its biological activity